Anticipatory Adaptation Approaches to Climate Change--A Review and Discussion of Southern Australia’s Sustainable Water Management and Its Strategies and Shortcomings     

CHEN Qu 《地下水科学与工程》2014,2(2):54-61

Climate change issues has been discussed and argued for decades. It has been widely recognized that climate change will bring more serious issues to environment vulnerable areas than other areas. Southern Australia is one of the typical examples of vulnerable areas where water deficiency is enhanced by climate change. Although, this area has been successfully adapted with drought environment for decades, those shortcomings of strategies are highlighted by climate change events. In the interests of sustainable water management, Southern Australia’s experiences on possible anticipatory adaptation approaches, especially on mitigation of risks and costs of drought could be expected to provide recommendations to planning and management actions in the future  相似文献   

Research on Migration Features of Ammonia-Nitrogen in Shallow Groundwater of Coastal Area of Tangshan Fengnan     

Duo LI  Kang CHEN 《地下水科学与工程》2014,2(1):39-43

The ammonia-nitrogen in shallow groundwater of coastal area of Tangshan Fengnan exceeds the content limit at varying degrees. To analyze the the migration features of ammonia-nitrogen in the groundwater, a two-dimensional groundwater flow and quality model has been established on the basis of investigation and analysis of hydeogeological conditions in this region. Ammonia-nitrogen in the first aquifer groundwater migrates slowly and is difficult to diffuse during the migration process for the low exploitation, the small hydraulic gradient, the relatively fine aquier rock particles and poor permeability of the aquifer  相似文献   

Community structure changes of macrobenthos in the South Yellow Sea   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

�ž���  ���ɽ  ������ 《中国海洋湖沼学报》2012,30(2):248-255

The ecological environment in the Yellow Sea has changed greatly from the 1950s to 1990s and this has had significant impact on marine organisms. In this study, data on soft-sediment macrobenthos occurring in depths from 25 m to 81 m in the South Yellow Sea were used to compare changes in community structure. The agglomerative classification (CLUSTER) and multidimensional scaling (MDS) methods were applied. Five communities were recognized by cluster analysis: 1. The Yellow Sea Cold Water Mass community dominated by cold water species, which changed slightly in species composition since the 1950s; 2. The mixed community with the coexistence of cold water species and warm water species, as had been reported previously; 3. The polychaete-dominated eurythermal community in which the composition changed considerably as some dominant species disappeared or decreased; 4. The Changjiang (Yangtze) River Estuarine community, with some typical estuarine species; 5. The community affected by the Yellow Sea Warm Current. The greatest change occurred in the coastal area, which indicated that the change may be caused by human activities. Macrobenthos in the central region remained almost unchanged, particularly the cold water species shielded by the Yellow Sea Cold Water Mass. The depth, temperature and median grain size of sediments were important factors affecting the distributions of macrobenthos in the South Yellow Sea.  相似文献   

夏季江苏近海水文化学要素特征及其对沿岸水东北向扩展的指示   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

韦钦胜  葛人峰  李艳  范士亮  傅明珠 《海洋学报》2012,34(5):197-204

  相似文献   

Warming and depth convergence of the Arctic Intermediate Water in the Canada Basin during 1985-2006   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

LI Shujiang  ZHAO Jinping  SU Jie  CAO Yong 《海洋学报(英文版)》2012,31(4):46-54

The warming of the Arctic Intermediate Water (AIW) is studied based on the analyses of hydrographic observations in the Canada Basin of the Arctic Ocean during 1985-2006. It is shown that how the anomalously warm AIW spreads in the Canada Basin during the observation time through the analysis of the AIW temperature spatial distribution in different periods. The results indicate that by 2006, the entire Canada Basin has almost been covered by the warming AIW. In order to study interannual variability of the AIW in the Canada Basin, the Canada Basin is divided into five regions according to the bottom topography. From the interannual variation of AIW temperature in each region, it is shown that a cooling period follows after the warming event in upstream regions. At the Chukchi Abyssal Plain and Chukchi Plateau, upstream of the Arctic Circumpolar Boundary Current (ACBC) in the Canada Basin, the AIW temperature reached maximum and then started to fall respectively in 2000 and 2002. However, the AIW in the Canada Abyssal Plain and Beaufort Sea continues to warm monotonically until the year 2006. Furthermore, it is revealed that there is convergence of the AIW depth in the five different regions of the Canada Basin when the AIW warming occurs during observation time. The difference of AIW depth between the five regions of the Canada Basin is getting smaller and smaller, all approaching 410 m in recent years. The results show that depth convergence is related to the variation of AIW potential density in the Canada Basin.  相似文献   

利用水位资料反演华北地区构造应力场变化   总被引：9，自引：0，他引：9  

孙小龙  刘耀炜  晏锐 《地震》2011,31(2):42-49

本文选取华北地区观测条件较好的63口水位观测井资料, 运用小波分析法去除各井水位资料中的短期高频信息, 提取出能反映水位多年动态变化的趋势信息, 并利用各井水位趋势变化数据反演出华北地区多年构造应力场变化图像, 结合其它水文资料, 探讨了华北地区近年来的构造应力场变化特征。  相似文献   

用ETAS模型分析自贡矿井注水触发地震   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

龙锋  杜方  阮祥  邓远清  张铁宝 《中国地震》2010,26(2)

为研究自贡地区矿井注水与地震活动性之间的关系,按地震活动规律将注水区ML1.2以上历史地震活动划分为3个阶段,采用POWELL法反演了各阶段ETAS模型参数。结果表明,不存在注水的第1、2阶段背景地震比例约40%～50%,单个地震序列中余震较少。而在注水的第3阶段,由地震自激产生的余震比例较高(93.1%),而背景地震仅占6.9%,比第1、2阶段都要少,这一结果与已有的认识相矛盾。为此,提出单位时间背景地震的发生率,即ETAS模型参数中的μ值,作为判断注水触发地震的依据。计算结果表明,与前两个阶段相比,第3阶段的确拥有最大的μ值,说明注水对该区地震触发有明显影响。  相似文献   

自流井水温固体潮效应及其应变响应能力   总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2  

马玉川  刘耀炜  任宏微  孙小龙 《中国地震》2010,26(2)

井水温度观测是一项重要的地震前兆观测手段,旨在捕捉地震孕育过程中的应力-应变信息。水温固体潮效应作为地壳应力-应变信息的真实反映和地震前兆观测的干扰因素,具有重要的研究意义。本文首先依据对自流井中热状态的分析,认为自流井水温固体潮效应可能主要存在两种机制,即热传导机制和热对流机制;据此,推导出热传导机制中水温与固体潮体应变变化的定量关系;最后以流量相对较大的本溪自流井为例进行分析。结果表明,本溪井水温固体潮效应是热传导机制和热对流机制共同作用的结果,其中,热传导机制起主要作用。  相似文献   

夏季亚洲极涡的长期变化对东亚环流和水汽收支的影响   总被引：10，自引：0，他引：10       下载免费PDF全文

王遵娅  丁一汇 《地球物理学报》2009,52(1):20-29

主要分析了1951～2004年夏季亚洲极涡强度和面积的长期变化趋势及其对东亚夏季环流,水汽输送和降水量的影响,发现1951～2004年,夏季亚洲极涡表现出了明显的强度减弱,面积缩小的变化趋势,并以面积缩小更为显著,这正对应于北极涛动（AO）指数在该时段的显著升高.在这种北半球中高纬大尺度环流变化的影响下,东亚夏季高空西风急流在近54年显著南移,冷空气活动的南侵程度明显增强,从而造成低空偏北风显著增强而偏南风减弱.与此相应,近54年整个中国区域内低空纬向风速呈明显的减小趋势.总的来看,东亚夏季风环流发生了明显减弱.同时,流经中国的中纬度西风水汽输送在近54年也表现出一致减弱的趋势,而南风水汽输送大致以110°E为界,以东的夏季风区呈显著的减弱趋势而以西则有明显的增加趋势.这种水汽输送的变化影响了中国不同区域内水汽输送通量散度的改变,进而使得夏季降水量发生变化.分析表明,夏季亚洲极涡的面积和强度与东北、华北和西北东部的水汽输送通量散度和夏季降水呈正相关,而与长江中下游、华南、西南、青藏高原和西北西部呈显著负相关,夏季亚洲极涡在近几十年的面积缩小和强度减弱是中国夏季降水长期变化的一个可能原因.  相似文献   

乐都台气氡资料的分析     

赵芰祥  段顺序 《高原地震》2009,21(2):48-49

简要总结了乐都地震台水氡观测资料的利用价值、存在的问题,并对存在的问题进行了客观分析。乐都地震台的水氡观测改为断层气观测后,对气氡观测值的年变规律、地表水与地下水、地下水与承压水的水力联系进行了分析。  相似文献